Bentham’s skeletal “auto-icon” watches students in UCL’s hallways. In life Bentham believed that surveillance could make us behave better. His dream of a Panopticon penitentiary was never realised. Instead he became the first man to campaign against transportation to Australia.

Described as a “den of beasts”, Newgate’s women were often victims of circumstance who went on to make new lives after being transported to the colonies.

This viewpoint explains why Nelson Mandela has a bust on the South Bank and the large-scale protests and festivals held in his name.

This viewpoint will explain how the structure’s inclusion in an ugly buildings competition brought to a head a larger “crisis of the English avant-garde,” to the lament of one prominent architectural critic.